I applied through the ARM careers website, I received an invitation to a phone interview about two weeks later.

The interview content was broad. Responsibilities of the position were discussed along with questions covering HDL, C, ARM assembly, OOP and computer architecture fundamentals. The interview was fun and informative, but the quality of the call was quite deficient due to the long-distance connection, a Skype call would have been better in my opinion. Overall it was a good experience.

The difference between passing by reference and passing by value involves how data is handled in memory.

What are caches and what are they used for?