Grow From Senior To Staff Engineer [Part 6] - You Need Tenure

Software engineers like to give up when their team isn't going perfectly, often interviewing with another company entirely to jump ship. While this can work earlier in your career, it almost always stops as you're approaching staff. This lesson teaches you:

- Why job hopping to a staff uplevel at a top company is almost impossible
- Why you need to be in the same team for 2+ years in order to have a real case for staff
- The ingredients to develop the presence and impact of a staff engineer

Master The DSA Interview [Part 29] - LeetCode Stockholm Syndrome

Even after passing the data structures and algorithms interview, a surprising amount of engineers maintain a toxic relationship with it. This lesson teaches you:

- What LeetCode Stockholm Syndrome looks like
- Why it doesn't make sense to continue studying data structures and algorithms after you have started the job
- The key towards true growth as a software engineer (hint: it's not LeetCode)
- A super simple way to understand data structures and algorithms studying and how it fits into your life

Grow From Mid-Level To Senior Engineer [Part 18] - Build A Strong Internal Network

If you have a meaningful bench of people who are willing to fight for your success, you will succeed as a software engineer. One of the simplest ways to understand seniority is that this bench grows larger and larger over time. This lesson teaches you:

- How an engineer's internal network at a company evolves as they grow from mid-level to senior, both in terms of breadth and depth
- How to expand your internal network
- The difference in peer feedback that mid-level engineers get compared to senior engineers, especially with XFN (cross-functional) partners

To dive deeper into earning trust quickly and building relationships: [\[Masterclass\] How To Build Deep Relationships Quickly In Tech](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/tyaPFMXPoz2pmzB7OVzt/masterclass-how-to-build-deep-relationships-quickly-in-tech/)

Engineer Your Ideal Tech Career [Part 5] - Gathering Requirements And Preferences

As an introduction to this next section, you can expect to start defining what your long-term career and path may look like based on your preferences you defined in the last section.

For each dimension, pick one option only to make your goals as clear as possible. If one dimension doesn’t resonate with you, that’s okay! Skip it vs. making arbitrary goals.

The dimensions we’ll cover are:

- Role types
- Specializations
- Company stage
- Becoming a founder

Looking for mentorship from tech’s top engineers + personalized job hunt assistance and interview prep? [Formation.dev](http://Formation.dev) can provide you unlimited career coaching, technical mentorship, personalized practice, and mock interviews. Join us here: <https://formation.dev/partners/taro>

Worksheet: [Formation - Coding Your Career](https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/tech-career-growth.appspot.com/o/courses%2Fslides%2FFormation%20Career%20Direction%20Worksheet.pdf?alt=media&token=f6344b78-529a-411e-a449-7a34a8d55fc8)

Asking Great Questions [Part 7] - Diversify Your Asks

It is tempting to stick with what you know. When it comes to asking questions, this means asking the same person again and again after they have helped you before. However, this isn't the way to go when it comes to your growth. This lesson teaches you:

- How repeatedly getting help from just 1 person can strain your relationship with them
- The tech industry-specific danger of only having 1 person to answer your questions
- The tactical survival benefit of diversifying the pool of people you ask questions to
- How getting help from a lot of people builds up a huge career asset with long-term social capital, which is crucial for more senior engineers

What Gets Communicated Gets Done: Why Slack Sucks

[Timeless Career Advice] IC vs Manager

This video discusses how much the software industry pays in the US in terms of total compensation. 

In addition, we discuss the decision to be an individual contributor vs engineering manager.

Connect with Louie:

- SmallBets community: [**https://smallbets.com/?utm_source=taro**](https://smallbets.com/?utm_source=taro)
- Twitter: [**https://twitter.com/LBacaj**](https://twitter.com/LBacaj)
- LinkedIn: [**https://www.linkedin.com/in/louiebacaj/**](https://www.linkedin.com/in/louiebacaj/)
- Newsletter: [**https://newsletter.memesmotivations.com/**](https://newsletter.memesmotivations.com/)

Master The DSA Interview [Part 20] - Missing What Matters

When you're doing a data structures and algorithms interview, you don't have a ton of time. That's why it's important to focus on what matters. This lesson teaches you:

- What order to code your solution in when it comes to happy flow and edge cases
- Why the core data structures and algorithms themselves often aren't that important during the interview
- How to get functionality for free, explained with a real-life Meta interview example
- A tactic you can use to prioritize components of your data structures and algorithms solution properly

Nail Your Promotion As A Software Engineer [Part 25] - Timing: When To Amp Things Up?

Humans have terrible memory, and software engineers (+ engineering managers) are no exception. The annoying thing is that this greatly affects how you're judged in performance review. This lesson teaches you:

- The role recency bias plays in your promotion case
- How to spend your energy over time across the performance review cycle

Master The Behavioral Interview [Part 24] - Challenge Yourself, Do Great Work

Behavioral interviews are fundamentally an exercise in storytelling. This means that in order to pass these interviews as a software engineer, you need great stories to begin with. This lesson teaches you:

- The 2-step process to become absolutely incredible at behavioral interviews
- The most common mistake software engineers make with their mentality when it comes to growth
- How to get better at coding, even if you're unemployed

For more resources on becoming a better software engineer:

- [\[Course\] Level Up Your Code Quality As A Software Engineer](https://www.jointaro.com/course/level-up-your-code-quality-as-a-software-engineer/)
- [\[Course\] Build Side Projects With 500k+ Users: Coming Up With An Idea](https://www.jointaro.com/course/build-side-projects-with-500k-users-coming-up-with-an-idea/)
- [\[Taro Top 10\] How To Create Scope As An Engineer](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/EWIo3USNcsgXbCs5PS0h/)
- ["What are the Core skills a SDE should be consistently developing?"](https://www.jointaro.com/question/Hs8VJtUb6bfTPjUgbj96/what-are-the-core-skills-a-sde-should-be-consistently-developing/)

Ace Your Tech Interview As A Software Engineer [Part 19] - Take Home Assignments

Take home assignments are one of the most brutal screening mechanisms tech companies use to filter out software engineer job candidates. This lesson teaches you:

- Why take homes are horrible
- How to skip take homes as much as you can
- A framework you can use to figure out whether or not you should do a take home

If you have no other option but to do a take-home, follow these resources:

- ["How do I make software less overwhelming?"](https://www.jointaro.com/question/YseMPDw538jhyS1MWlTs/how-do-i-make-software-less-overwhelming/)
- ["How Long to Complete Take-Home Assignment II"](https://www.jointaro.com/question/7PfT1CWSY0Dd1jiLYTou/how-long-to-complete-take-home-assignment-ii/)
- [\[Course\] Level Up Your Code Quality As A Software Engineer](https://www.jointaro.com/course/level-up-your-code-quality-as-a-software-engineer/)

Understanding How To Empower Your Manager To Get The Rating You Want

- Come calibration time (i.e. when managers and very senior engineers come together to calculate your manager), your manager is going to have to defend you to get the rating they're proposing for you.
- This is another reason why it's so important to have a clear expectations plan. By setting the baseline, your manager has a concrete anchoring point to argue your case, in particular when you have gone above and beyond the baseline.

How To Be An Effective Tech Lead [Part 6] - Be The Code Guardian

As a tech lead, you are ultimately responsible for all the code that is delivered. The tricky part is that you need to do this without simply writing all of it. This lesson teaches you:

- The role tech leads play when it comes to cleaning up the code and paying down tech debt
- A high-level, multiplicative lever tech leads should pull to enforce code quality
- The in-the-weeds tactic tech leads need to constantly use to keep code quality high

To get better at code reviews, particularly those outside of your immediate domain, read through this: ["How to give better code reviews without full business context?"](https://www.jointaro.com/question/vio35mw1SYWM8AYojB2w/how-to-give-better-code-reviews-without-full-business-context/)

Conclusion: The Ultimate Guide To Navigating A PIP

Thanks for being part of this course! Here are the main takeaways:

- A PIP **does not** mean your career is over
- Make it easy to receive feedback
- You should (probably) start looking for a new job
- Don’t over-share information
- Discussions:
  - [I have been put in PIP. What should I do?](https://www.jointaro.com/question/i2RqeCiAQJ04eU1rp0eQ/i-have-been-put-in-pip-what-should-i-do/)

  - [Bouncing back after termination](https://www.jointaro.com/question/iDARmEmqYKlCIhzKIMNh/bouncing-back-after-termination-what-can-i-do-to-move-forward/)

  - [Advice on PIP with unsupportive team?](https://www.jointaro.com/question/93GBTJ73ayNLPY0sLuHz/advice-on-pip-with-unsupportive-team/)

[Case Study] How To Become A Data Guru As An Engineer (w/ Senior Director of DS Mo Shahangian)

Mo has had a successful career at the intersection of data science and engineering at companies like Pinterest, Meta, and Epic Games.

Mo talked about the biggest data mistakes and how the job changes as you navigate seniority levels. He also shared his contrarian approach to promotion that has worked so well in his career. 

## Data knowledge for engineers:
- Data science is an overloaded term. The high-level goal for anyone working with data is to surface insights that will inform decisions. 
- Being insightful isn’t enough -- you need to surface **actionable** and **causal** relationships.

Everyone needs a reminder correlation != causation. Have some tools to remind yourself.
- Which way does the causal arrow go?
- Remember [Goodhart’s Law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law)

## Career growth
- At the most senior levels, leaders are business owners/product leaders, not functional leaders.
- At more junior levels, it’s the opposite, there needs to be order and a separation of responsibility. The best people learn how to work, not only within their lane, but across.

Career success comes from being deliberate:
- A career is a series of decisions
- These decisions come with tradeoffs
- Those best at navigating tradeoffs emerge as leaders
- "Deliberate" means that you are both intentional and calculated

Mo started out building data systems at UCLA, joined Pinterest during hypergrowth, and eventually became a Senior Director of Data Science at Meta, and recently joined Epic Games at the leadership level. Connect with Mo: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohammad-shahangian-b040188/

[Connect with Mo](https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohammad-shahangian-b040188/)

More resources: 
- Another Taro Premium Session about [junior --> senior eng promos at Meta](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/EX9563YnxcJb62cCmetg/session-5-mentoring-junior-swes-e3-to-senior-e5-in-just-25-years-at-meta/)
- [Why chasing promo could hurt you](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/qj2kX94TfFPgBLlQZBtb/why-chasing-promotion-could-hurt-you/)

DSA Crash Course [Part 53] - Has Path Approach

In this lesson, Alvin explores the strategy to solving the following interview problem:

> Write a function, *has_path*, that takes in a dictionary representing the adjacency list of a directed acyclic graph and two nodes (\_src\_, *dst*). The function should return a boolean indicating whether or not there exists a directed path between the *source* and *destination* nodes.

```
graph = {
'f': ['g', 'i'],
'g': ['h'],
'h': [],
'i': ['g', 'k'],
'j': ['i'],
'k': []
}

has_path(graph, 'f', 'k') # True
```

```
graph = {
'f': ['g', 'i'],
'g': ['h'],
'h': [],
'i': ['g', 'k'],
'j': ['i'],
'k': []
}

has_path(graph, 'f', 'j') # False
```

If you need additional support taking these DSA skills and actually applying them, take [**Alvin's**](https://www.linkedin.com/in/alvin-zablan-b73a92117/) *complete* data structures and algorithms course on [**Structy**](https://structy.net/?utm_source=taro). You can try out the concepts yourself in their interactive code editor and learn advanced DSA patterns like stack exhaustive recursion.

Use [**this link to get 20% off**](https://structy.net/purchase?promo_code=taro20) the entire Structy DSA learning experience.

Follow Alvin on LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/alvin-zablan-b73a92117/>

Master The DSA Interview [Part 19] - Perfection Obsession

Getting the optimal solution to a data structures and algorithms problem is great, but it isn't always possible. This lesson teaches you:

- Why pursuing the optimal solution upfront when you're very stuck can easily lead to your rejection in a data structures and algorithms interview
- What to do instead when you're unable to get the optimal solution upfront
- How being completely stuck can lead to a vicious cycle that forces you to fail interviews
- A simple way to think about data structures and algorithms problem solving in general

Grow From Mid-Level To Senior Engineer [Part 20] - Mentorship

Mentorship is one of the most skills to master as a software engineer, especially at senior levels. It is both a way for you to do some good and scale yourself. This lesson teaches you: 

- The difference between passive and active mentorship
- Ways to provide passive mentorship to teammates
- Why you should consider taking on an intern as a mid-level engineer growing to senior
- The jump in quality when it comes to mentorship advice given by a mid-level engineer vs. a senior engineer
- The key thing to remember when being an effective mentor

To learn how Alex was such an effective mentor: [\[Case Study\] Mentoring Junior SWEs \[E3\] to Senior \[E5\] In Just 2.5 Years At Meta](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/EX9563YnxcJb62cCmetg/case-study-mentoring-junior-swes-e3-to-senior-e5-in-just-25-years-at-meta/)

The Incredibly Rare Benefit Top Tech Companies Offer - Equity Refreshers

This video segment explains **refresher equity grants**, a powerful and rare form of compensation offered mainly by top-tier tech companies like Facebook and Google. These grants serve as both a performance incentive and a retention strategy.

- **Refresher grants are annual RSU awards**, given in addition to the initial offer. Their size is determined by an employee's level and most recent performance review.
- **Compensation structure is formulaic** at big tech companies, including the calculation of refresher amounts, which often outpace inflation even in challenging economic climates.
- **Grants stack over time**, meaning employees may have multiple overlapping equity packages (original + yearly refreshers), significantly increasing total stock-based compensation over the years.
- **Year four marks a peak**, where compensation from the initial grant and up to three refreshers overlap—this is why many employees leave after their fourth year, as compensation often drops after the original grant fully vests.
- **Refresher grants are a major retention tool**, helping extend average tenure at top companies from around two years closer to four.

From "Meets Most" to "Greatly Exceeds" in 3 Months at Facebook

Imagine pouring your heart and soul into your work, only to be met with criticism instead of commendation. This scenario is all too familiar for many engineers who, despite their hard work, find themselves at odds with their manager's expectations due to a misalignment with business priorities. My own journey at Facebook serves as a testament to this common predicament. Tasked with two major projects, I found myself at a critical juncture halfway through, being told my efforts were not meeting expectations.

I was not always doing exceptional at Facebook, but this time I knew that I was not below the "meets expectation" mark. I had been there before, but this time was not it.

Learn more about ratings at Facebook (aka Meta): <https://www.jointaro.com/topic/meta/performance-review/>

Despite knowing that, the assessment of the manager was a bitter pill to swallow, leaving me furious and speechless. However, it also marked the beginning of a transformative journey. I ventured into realms that many engineers shy away from, embracing principles that I previously overlooked. This shift in behavior and perception propelled me from being perceived as merely meeting most expectations to greatly exceeding them, achieving a rating leap that not only vindicated my efforts but also significantly enhanced my bonus.

In this seminar, I aim to share the insights and strategies that catalyzed my dramatic turnaround. I will delve into how a recalibration of focus and an embrace of broader impact can elevate your work from good to exceptional. Additionally, I will touch on the crucial balance between maintaining stellar job performance and navigating a job search. This balance is critical for ensuring you are not cornered should your job search extend longer than anticipated. Join me as I unravel the nuances of achieving long-term career satisfaction through sustained excellence and strategic job search efforts.

Check out these resources for additional deep insights into performance review:

- [\[Masterclass\] How To Navigate Your Performance Review In Tech](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/b0B8uqIAUnBLE10jJHJG/masterclass-how-to-navigate-your-performance-review-in-tech/)
- [\[Masterclass\] How To Work Better With Your Engineering Manager](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/2PbJb2fuqF3iMHy57eEg/masterclass-how-to-work-better-with-your-engineering-manager/)

Presented by Yogi Sharma: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/yogi1/>

Tech Career Growth Videos

Our instructional videos provide software engineers with insights needed for career growth. Masterclasses go incredibly in-depth on a specific tech topic while case studies are real examples from established engineering leaders.