Gilad’s Take: Motivated IC Auto-Didact

In this video, we deepen our understanding of the manager's role by applying it to a scenario with a high-performing, self-motivated team member. The key takeaway is that our value as managers lies not in the growth that would happen without us, but in the change we actively create.

- We remind ourselves that our **job is to create a delta**—a positive, sustainable improvement that wouldn’t have happened otherwise.
- We can influence growth in **two major ways**: by increasing its **efficiency** (helping the individual grow faster) and its **effectiveness** (guiding them toward more impactful areas of development).
- Efficiency may involve assigning growth-aligned projects, introducing mentors, or curating resources that accelerate learning.
- Effectiveness may require **redirecting energy** toward skills with greater business impact, such as shifting from technical specialization to leadership development.
- Ultimately, we commit to **seeking out and enabling the deltas**—changes we directly cause—because that's where our impact as managers truly lies.

If you want to learn more from Gilad, he shares free leadership advice daily on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/giladnaor/?utm_source=taro&utm_medium=course&utm_campaign=cta) and weekly on the[ δeltas newsletter](https://posts.managementdeltas.com/?utm_source=taro&utm_medium=course&utm_campaign=cta)

SWE Internship Survival Guide [Part 20] - Go Deeper: Follow Through

Congrats on making it to the end of the course! Here are additional resources to help you follow through with nailing your internship return offer:

- Take the code quality course: [Level Up Your Code Quality As A Software Engineer](https://www.jointaro.com/course/level-up-your-code-quality-as-a-software-engineer/)
- Take the question asking course: [Ask Great Questions That Get Great Answers Quickly](https://www.jointaro.com/course/ask-great-questions-that-get-great-answers-quickly/)
- Take the onboarding course: [The Complete Onboarding Guide For Software Engineers](https://www.jointaro.com/course/the-complete-onboarding-guide-for-software-engineers-succeeding-when-youre-new/)
- To become a rockstar (Top 5%) intern: [Grow From Junior To Mid-Level Engineer: L3 To L4](https://www.jointaro.com/course/grow-from-junior-to-mid-level-engineer-l3-to-l4/)

How To Get Interviews, Secure Offers, and Make More Money in Big Tech

Alan Stein, former executive and hiring manager at Google, Meta, Salesforce, and Tableau shares how jobs are really acquired at the world's top tech companies. 

No BS about resumes, cover letters, or LinkedIn profiles. Rather, Alan shares what actions you should actually take to land more interviews, offers, and earn more money.

Feel free to connect with [**Alan and say hi on LinkedIn**](https://www.linkedin.com/in/alanjstein/).

Maximize Your Equity And Benefits In Tech [Part 8] - What, How, Why (ESPP)

Employee Stock Purchase Programs (ESPPs) can offer meaningful value, especially at companies that provide favorable terms or lack large RSU grants. Here are the core points from the lesson:

- ESPPs let employees buy company stock at a discount (up to 15%) with a $25,000 annual contribution cap and often include “lookback” provisions to buy at the lower price between the start and end of the offering period

- Programs with multiple purchase periods inside long offering windows—like those at Adobe or NVIDIA—can dramatically increase the value of purchases if the stock appreciates

- Some companies may impose holding periods before you can sell shares, so it's essential to understand your specific plan’s rules before committing

Next steps with Andy:

- [Connect with Andy on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/andymoranio)
- [Leave feedback and/or sign up for Andy’s newsletter](https://subscribepage.io/taroequitycourse)
- [Schedule a consultation](http://adastrafp.com/contact-us/)

Become A Debugging Master [Part 17] - Share The Learning

A lot of engineers move on immediately after landing a fix, but the best ones take the time to reflect and prevent similar issues in the future. Here are the core points from the lesson:

- Retrospectives help you identify root causes and system weaknesses so you can either prevent a future incident or make it much easier to detect and fix
- A good postmortem analyzes what went well and what didn’t across detection, notification, response, mitigation, and analysis, with detailed documentation to capture all learnings
- Writing a clean, detailed doc with screenshots and explanations makes it much easier for future engineers to learn from the incident without having to dig through chaotic logs or chat threads
- Big tech cultures like Facebook normalize failure and focus on minimizing damage and learning quickly, often using formal SEV reviews to improve systems and processes over time

This Tool Is Especially Amazing For Big Tech Interviews

Round Structure

In this section, we dive into one of the most important—and often most hands-on—parts of the ML interview process: the practical machine learning coding and modeling round. This is where we demonstrate how we think and work like real ML practitioners.

- We’ll usually work in a **Jupyter notebook environment**, either in a take-home format or during a live 60–90 minute session.
- The task typically involves a **real-world problem** like text classification or demand forecasting, where we're expected to deliver an end-to-end ML workflow.
- Unlike algorithm rounds, we’re **encouraged to use standard ML libraries** (e.g., pandas, scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch) to solve the problem efficiently.
- We’ll be evaluated on how we **explore data, engineer features, choose models, tune hyperparameters**, and **communicate our results**.
- This round is about **thinking like an ML practitioner**, showing that we can handle messy, ambiguous problems using practical tools to deliver meaningful solutions.

If you want to learn even more from Yayun:

- Book 1 on 1 career guidance with her here: <https://calendly.com/your-friend-yayun/1on1>
- Follow her on LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/yayunjin/>

Autism Allyship and Identity in Tech - By Lee McKeeman & Jaswir Raghoe

[Lee McKeeman](https://www.linkedin.com/in/lmckeeman/) and [Jaswir Raghoe](https://www.linkedin.com/in/jaswir-raghoe/) give an insightful talk on Autism Allyship in the tech industry, and how one can discover the power of creating inclusive workplaces for autistic individuals while gaining valuable tips on how to be an effective ally to autistic colleagues.

Lee and Jaswir talk about how autism is a spectrum with individuals having a wide range of abilities and needs. They give a deeper understanding of general biases and assumptions about autism, and learn why it's crucial to challenge them. They expound on the importance of asking autistic individuals about their preferences and needs, while understanding the significance of respecting their boundaries. Jaswir and Lee uncover the value of patience and understanding, as well as the importance of not expecting autistic individuals to always conform to social norms.

Join us in celebrating the diversity of autistic individuals and learn how you can become an advocate for their inclusion in the workplace.

Don't miss this enlightening talk that will empower you to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for all.

Incase you missed it, also check out Lee McKeeman's previous talk about his career journey: [An Autistic Journey To Google Staff Engineer [L6] From Software Analyst](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/nujUVma6boGJxGAQzoiX/an-autistic-journey-to-google-staff-engineer-l6-from-software-analyst-by-lee-mckeeman/)

The Resource You Need For Promotion That Few Understand

Which of the following is the resource needed for promotion that many engineers don't understand or even realize exists, particularly more junior ones?

True or false: When you are onboarding as a software engineer, the one and only thing that matters is your ability to understand the codebase and extend it.

Why is social capital important for senior engineers?

Build Deep Relationships Quickly In Tech [Part 12] - Build In Public

It's way easier to have people come to you instead of you having to go to them. This lesson teaches you:

- The difference between inbound and outbound
- Why building in public is such a powerful technique to generate inbound (i.e. talented people coming to you)
- Different ways to build in public

The Onus Is On You

In this lesson, we focus on how to approach the engineering manager (EM) relationship effectively, emphasizing that our success depends heavily on how we engage, not on our manager doing everything for us.

- We stress that the responsibility for our career growth lies with us, not with our EM; they’re busy, context-switching across many reports, and can’t automatically know our needs or struggles.
- We explain that EMs need clear direction from us—without input, they can’t create opportunities, remove blockers, or advocate on our behalf.
- We compare managers to an API: they won’t initiate action on their own, but when we “call” them with the right inputs, they can be incredibly valuable resources.
- We reinforce that good managers will support us deeply if we engage correctly, but it’s our job to plug in and guide that support.
- We highlight that initiative is one of the most appreciated traits: EMs love working with engineers who proactively identify problems, propose ideas, and seek impact without needing to be pulled along.

Build Deep Relationships Quickly In Tech [Part 19] - Common Mistakes To Avoid

Networking is really easy to mess up as there's a lot of toxic mentalities you can fall into. This lesson teaches you:

- The #1 way people mess up networking
- How to strike a balance between being pragmatic (having shields up) and being idealistic (helping people)
- Why going outside of your comfort zone is critical for networking
- What fake networking looks like, shown with a very common example among engineers

Build Deep Relationships Quickly In Tech [Part 15] - Have Their Back

Disagreement is everywhere in tech, and it's often quite stressful. However, it's also a prime time for you to deepen your network and relationships. This lesson teaches you:

- Why having someone's back in times of disagreement is so powerful
- The main avenue to have someone's back
- How engineers completely waste the meetings they go to
- How having someone's back against yourself is insanely powerful
- Where so many engineers go wrong when it comes to their mentality around being right

From Multiple Rejections to Landing Six Offers and Negotiating A $100K Raise

*Unlock all events and courses with Taro Premium. Join at a discount with Yogi's link: [**https://www.jointaro.com/r/yogi-sharma/**](https://www.jointaro.com/r/yogi-sharma/)*

In 2017, amidst the bustling innovation and relentless pace of Facebook, I encountered a pivotal moment in my career. The sting of receiving not one, not two, but three job rejections in as many weeks (and *first round rejections* at that) set the stage for a profound professional transformation. This period, marked by deep introspection and resilience, was not just about coping with disappointment; it became a launchpad for unprecedented growth and success.

But all that came after an initial period of dejection.

The journey from those initial rejections to eventually landing six coveted job offers, with negotiations exceeding $100k, is a testament to the power of strategic habit shifts and mindset realignment. The experience, while daunting, unfolded the essential principles of leveraging one’s time and energy efficiently, ensuring readiness for job transitions *without compromising current job performance*.

In this talk, I aim to demystify the path from setback to success. I will unveil the practical strategies and mental adjustments that not only helped me navigate the turbulent waters of job searching but also equipped me with the tools to excel beyond expectation, which I have used in my work with over 400 professionals in my coaching practice. This narrative is more than a personal victory; it's a blueprint for anyone facing the disheartenment of rejection, providing actionable insights to transform challenges into opportunities for substantial growth and achievement.

Join me as I dissect the critical principles, mindset shifts, and habit changes that can empower us all to turn job search woes into wins, illustrating that with the right approach, navigating the job market can be a journey of triumph even though tribulation are inevitable at times.

Negotiation content on Taro:

- [**\[Taro Top 10\] Pay Negotiation**](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/uyWSc5q79zFw2Ei7w59d/)
- [**\[Masterclass\] Understanding And Optimizing Your Pay In Tech**](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/gk408yBIV2fa5RjVR213/masterclass-understanding-and-optimizing-your-pay-in-tech/)

Yogi's next event about going from the PIP danger zone to a top performer: [**https://www.jointaro.com/event/behind-the-scene-from-meets-most-greatly-exceeds-in-3-months-at-facebook/**](https://www.jointaro.com/event/behind-the-scene-from-meets-most-greatly-exceeds-in-3-months-at-facebook/)

Yogi on LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/yogi1/>

Maximize Your Equity And Benefits In Tech [Part 16] - Stock Options Strategy

Stock option strategies can significantly affect your financial outcomes depending on timing, tax implications, and company events. Here's the core points from the lesson:

- Early exercise with an 83(b) election can offer long-term tax benefits, especially for qualified small business stock, but requires accepting the risk of losing the money invested
- For non-qualified stock options (NSOs), exercising and holding is risky due to upfront ordinary income tax that isn't offset if the stock later declines
- Strategies like exercising and immediately selling (or cashless exercise) can reduce risk and lock in gains, especially around liquidity events like IPOs
- AMT planning for incentive stock options (ISOs) includes spreading exercises across tax years or alternating years of exercise and sale to manage tax impact and recover AMT credits
- Exercising ISOs early in the year offers flexibility to sell later in the year if the stock drops (avoiding AMT) or hold into the next year for favorable capital gains treatment

For more on why you might want to exercise your ISOs early in the year, [click here](https://adastrafp.com/exercising-isos-early-in-year/). For my AMT Calculator (for informational purposes only, not tax advice), [click here](https://adastrafp.com/amt-calculator/).

Next steps with Andy:

- [Connect with Andy on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/andymoranio)
- [Leave feedback and/or sign up for Andy’s newsletter](https://subscribepage.io/taroequitycourse)
- [Schedule a consultation](http://adastrafp.com/contact-us/)

Maximize Your Equity And Benefits In Tech [Part 6] - Strategy (RSUs/Bonuses)

Many people default to holding their RSUs without stepping back to ask whether they’d actively choose to buy company stock with a cash bonus. Here are the core points from the lesson:

- Since RSUs are taxed as ordinary income upon vesting, treating them like a cash bonus and selling immediately is often a lower-risk strategy—especially when combined with auto-sell and supplemental withholding features some companies offer

- You can also take a more nuanced approach, like retaining a portion based on your net worth, holding for a set period, or setting specific sale triggers, but it's best to define these plans before emotions kick in

- A minimum financial bar is covering tax liability; use safe harbor rules or proactive withholding adjustments to avoid penalties, especially as year-end approaches

- Flow-based budgeting using separate accounts by expense type and timeline can help you allocate RSU income toward irregular goals like large purchases or saving targets

Next steps with Andy:

- [Connect with Andy on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/andymoranio)
- [Leave feedback and/or sign up for Andy’s newsletter](https://subscribepage.io/taroequitycourse)
- [Schedule a consultation](http://adastrafp.com/contact-us/)

Interview Preparation Is Way Better With Others

Here are the core points from the video:
- Social accountability is a good way to motivate yourself to work hard when studying data structures and algorithms, especially given how miserable studying them can be. Peer pressure works!
- Doing a mock interview with a friend can help you prepare for interviews because you are forced to explain yourself out loud. This process will be more akin to the actual interview process, far more than grinding LeetCode at your computer all day.

If you're looking for a mock interview partner, find one with [Taro Networking](https://www.jointaro.com/networking/): [https://www.jointaro.com/networking/?selectedServices=Mock+Interviews](https://www.jointaro.com/networking/?selectedServices=Mock+Interviews)

Related resources:
- [[Masterclass] How To Manage Your Time Optimally In Tech And Achieve More Results](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/rnX9EKpzc43TgGW9MozG/masterclass-how-to-manage-your-time-optimally-in-tech-and-achieve-more-results/) - This is the time management session Rahul mentions
- [[Taro Top 10] Effective Interview Prep](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/HLBYxJI7D1j8STolrwum/)
- [[Taro Top 10] Finding A Tech Job](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/E6R0wVJ5EyCfVnVrlfno/)

Mine Customer Support Data

We expand beyond metrics mapping and customer experience mapping by introducing **additional, nuanced techniques** to help us continuously refine our input metrics. These customer- and defect-driven approaches give us real-world signals that are often overlooked—but are rich with opportunities for improvement.

### Key Takeaways:

- **We believe customer and shareholder interests are aligned**: At Amazon, we were driven by the conviction that obsessing over customers naturally serves the long-term interests of shareholders. This philosophy shaped our approach to metrics and improvement.
- **We treat every customer interaction as a source of insight**: Whether the "customer" is a buyer on Amazon or an internal team we support, we use their feedback to uncover meaningful input metrics that help us improve service and outcomes.
- **We mine customer support data as a diagnostic tool**: We tracked the top reasons customers contacted support—questions like “Where’s my stuff?” or complaints like “You sent the wrong item”—and used these to create new metrics such as “the switcheroo,” which measured item mix-ups.
- **We made problem frequency visible and actionable**: These contact reasons and metrics were reviewed weekly in our WBR, ensuring we remained focused on resolving the most impactful customer issues.
- **We talked directly to customer-facing teams**: We routinely engaged with customer support representatives to gather firsthand insights about recurring pain points by category—adding human intelligence to our data-driven approach.

These additional techniques may not generate as many metrics as mapping exercises, but they provide powerful context and depth to our understanding of what truly matters to customers.

To dive deeper into Input Metrics Mastery and learn more from Bill and Colin, follow these links:

- Take the full course at their website: <https://workingbackwards.com/>
- Buy the book: <https://www.amazon.com/Working-Backwards-Insights-Stories-Secrets/dp/1250267595>
- Bill's LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/bill-carr/>
- Colin's LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/colinbryar/>

Maximize Your Equity And Benefits In Tech [Part 9] - Taxes (ESPP)

Selling stock from your Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) can lead to very different tax outcomes depending on timing. Here are the core points from the lesson:

- A disqualifying disposition (selling within 1 year of purchase or 2 years of the offering date) results in ordinary income tax on the discount and short-term capital gains on additional profits
- A qualifying disposition (selling after both 1 year from purchase and 2 years from offering) splits the gain into lower-taxed long-term capital gains and a smaller portion of ordinary income
- 1099-B forms often underreport your cost basis, so you may need to correct it using Form 8949 to avoid paying tax twice on the same income

Next steps with Andy:

- [Connect with Andy on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/andymoranio)
- [Leave feedback and/or sign up for Andy’s newsletter](https://subscribepage.io/taroequitycourse)
- [Schedule a consultation](http://adastrafp.com/contact-us/)

Become A Debugging Master [Part 18] - Build The Infra

Building debugging infrastructure is a powerful way to level up your team and career. Here are the core points from the lesson:

- Invest in infrastructure like logging, dashboards, session recordings, bisect tools, and experiment tracking to make debugging easier for everyone

- Plan ahead by adding useful logging into products before bugs occur to speed up investigations and root cause analysis

- Funnel logging is especially valuable because it formalizes the end-to-end data flow, making it easier to spot where issues happen

- Building internal tools, even simple ones like the Log Insight tool at Meta, can lead to major team-wide adoption and career milestones

- Internal tooling projects are great side projects because they serve engineers directly, have less red tape, and can be very high impact

Rahul's internal tool case study: [\[Case Study\] Building A Meta Internal Tool To Empower An Entire Org: Staff Promotion Story](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/qvp2quodqAEWSkN7sayt/case-study-building-a-meta-internal-tool-to-empower-an-entire-org-staff-promotion-story/)

Tech Career Growth Videos

Our instructional videos provide software engineers with insights needed for career growth. Masterclasses go incredibly in-depth on a specific tech topic while case studies are real examples from established engineering leaders.