Microsoft has a two-round interview process. The first round is usually on-campus. Recruiters typically visit campuses multiple times throughout the year. It's not a significant issue if you miss one opportunity, as they will likely return in about a month.

The first round lasts half an hour, with approximately five minutes dedicated to behavioral questions and the remainder to technical questions. Depending on your speed and the recruiter, the number of technical questions can range from one to five.

It typically takes one to three weeks to hear back from the recruiter regarding the first-round results. Following that, they will schedule an on-site interview. You can usually select four dates within the upcoming month, and they will finalize one. Microsoft will fly you to Seattle (or another chosen location) and cover all expenses, including hotel, transportation, and meals.

The on-site interview is a full day, typically running from around 8:15 AM to 4:00 PM. The actual duration may vary based on your performance. You will generally interview with two groups: one in the morning and one in the afternoon, with a lunch interview in between. You will meet two to three interviewers from each group. If you perform poorly in the morning interviews, there is a possibility that your afternoon interviews might be canceled (they might inform you that your next interviewer is sick, for example). You will receive an offer from a group only if all interviewers in that group approve; if one or more reject, you will not get an offer. Therefore, you effectively have two chances (two groups).

Each interview is one-on-one and typically lasts about one hour, most often taking place in the interviewer's office. The interview includes a few behavioral questions and a majority of technical questions. You will be asked to write code on a whiteboard. At the end of each interview, the interviewer will escort you to your next interviewer. They will then discuss the questions you were asked and your performance. If you proceed to meet with the development manager as the final interviewer, it indicates you are performing well. If you do not get to meet the manager, it is highly probable that you are no longer being considered.

In the past, it usually took about one week after your on-site interview to receive the results (this could be longer if you did not receive an offer). However, the process has been expedited to provide immediate results. You will be asked to return to Building 19 (this was optional previously). If your recruiter wishes to see you, it typically signifies an offer. Conversely, if you are told to leave and await the results, it may indicate a negative outcome.

Microsoft is currently experimenting with a new interview process that is more similar to Cisco's. This new process involves four interviews that take only half a day, along with some site visits and presentations.

Compensation includes an $80,000 base salary for a Software Development Engineer (at level 89), plus a bonus of up to 20% (though realistically less than 10%), and stock options. Standard benefits are provided, including a 401k, free health, dental, and vision insurance, an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), and other miscellaneous benefits. The compensation is lower partly because the cost of living is significantly cheaper than in the Bay Area, and taxes are also much lower. Relocation assistance is provided at $5,000.

You have two weeks to accept or decline the offer.

Given an array with length n-1 which contains integers of the range 1 to n.

Each element is distinct and appears only once.

One integer is missing. Find the missing integer in linear time using O(1) memory.

Now two integers are missing, find them out in linear time using O(1) memory.

How about three?