Exhaust the feedback is a process that we teach people, it is not that the feedback is exhausting. :-)
How to do it better and properly? What worked for you in the past, not just online search or Chat GPT answers, please?
I learnt a lot from this course from the topic, but it was not enough for me: https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/s2WDysyVB0AeBrrtzzy0/get-the-rating-you-deserve-part-14-regular-check-ins/
My main advice when asking for feedback in the moment is to make your ask as specific as possible. Follow the guidance here: This Is How You Get Feedback - Making The Process Smooth
Zooming out, the highest leverage thing you can do is build up the relationship as much beforehand so the person trusts you enough to give you real feedback to begin with. Follow the advice from my networking course to build up trust fast: Networking Guide: Build Deep Relationships Quickly In Tech