How To Actually Learn Software Engineer Skills

A very common trap among software engineers is that they end up merely acquiring knowledge instead of actually learning software engineer skills. This is especially true when you're onboarding into a new team or company.

Here are the core points from the video:
- **Learn how to fish** - If you are growing as a software engineer, you want to make sure that you're actually learning the systems underneath instead of just acquiring surface-level solutions to your problems. "Receiving fish" is knowing that solution X solves your problem Y. "Learning how to fish" is understanding how solution X was crafted.
- **Get maximum value per answer** - Learning is largely absorbing support from other software engineers. When this happens, make sure to deeply understand how they arrived at their support. This can be when they give you an answer to your question or leave a comment on your pull request. *Ask follow-up questions to "download" their thought process.* It's much better to take full advantage of each interaction all in one go, so you don't need to ask them other simple questions in the future.
- **Example:** A teammate helps you debug. You can ask them the following:
  - How did you identify the breaking code?
  - Why did you choose this approach for the fix vs. others?
  - If you couldn't understand the code immediately, how did you figure out who to ask to get this understanding?

This clip is from our masterclass on how to succeed at a new team or company as a software engineer. [Click here to watch the full thing.](https://link.jointaro.com/9sJzfDeH3JdWzZRg9)

Related resources:
- [This Is How Software Engineers Should Initially Learn](https://link.jointaro.com/hoL4o29S3YsGsR9i7)
- [Building Software For Optimal Learning Example - Login Flow](https://link.jointaro.com/BjyeKesdaZt7SrwJ8)

Uplevel Your 1:1s

1:1s are the bedrock for the budding corporate relationships you are entering into:

Three principles for effective 1:1s (see [Rahul's YouTube video on the topic](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADWkkJtZna4)):

- Pursue awkward 1:1s
- Go beyond status updates
- Write down takeaways

For important people, you should **never** run out of things to talk about. Here's a starting point for what to discuss: 

- Reflect on what’s going well and not going well for you
- Reflect on what’s going well and not going well for the team (and team priorities)
- Ask for opportunities or resources
- Give feedback or ask for feedback
- Brainstorm
- Career/performance review planning

[Part 1] Software Engineer Onboarding: Embrace Your Lack of Knowledge

Don't be afraid to NOT know something. Ask questions.

When you first join a team, there's a lot that you don't know, and that's ok!! No one expects you to know the codebase, the context, and the structure within your new role. Your goal is to gain context through your questions. 

- [Asking Questions Is NOT A Sign Of Weakness](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/YIL3iK8fmSwhWP0PASqe/asking-questions-is-not-a-sign-of-weakness/)
- [Overcoming Imposter Syndrome - You Have Much More Value Than You Realize](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/dTSdd4ozp298jH3glvnx/overcoming-imposter-syndrome-you-have-much-more-value-than-you-realize/)
- [How To Find A Good Team With Career Growth Opportunities](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/UGIUC9zaGccK0tOarBri/how-to-find-a-good-team-with-career-growth-opportunities/)
- [Alex's Guide to Effective Communication](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/hVdLQQzfslaYarLSCmmy/)

This is part 1 of a 4 part series from Daniel about how to **most efficiently** and **most effectively** onboard into a new team or company. What should you spend your time doing in the first few months of joining, and how should that change based on your level? 

This masterclass covers this topic from the perspective of Daniel Tomko, a 20 year Big Tech veteran. Daniel spent 11 years at Microsoft and 8 years at Meta in various senior IC and management positions. 

- [Go to part 2 of the masterclass here](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/jr0iHuUCGW5lCdBndEpO/part-2-software-engineer-onboarding-learn-the-workflow/)
- Connect with Daniel Tomko on [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/danieltomko/)
- Check out the [Formation.dev discount](https://www.jointaro.com/perks/) for Taro Premium members

How to Crack System Design Interviews - Part 2: Clarifying Requirements

In a system design interview, the first step is gathering requirements, focusing on how users will interact with the system. Here's how we approach this:

- **Understand user needs:** We consider the basic functions users will need, such as applying filters, viewing original images, and deleting images.
- **Confirm and prioritize:** We check with the interviewer to ensure we've captured all the key requirements and prioritize the most important ones.
- **Identify trade-offs:** We analyze potential trade-offs, such as image quality versus storage needs, and quantify them whenever possible.
- **Set realistic expectations:** We avoid aiming for perfection and instead focus on creating a practical design that meets the core requirements.
- **Provide concrete examples:** We use real-world examples to illustrate our understanding of system design concepts and demonstrate our ability to make informed decisions.

[Gaurav Sen](https://www.linkedin.com/in/gkcs/) has conducted 1000s of system design interviews while working at Uber and building his [YouTube channel](https://www.youtube.com/@gkcs) to 500K+ subscribers. His platform [InterviewReady](https://interviewready.io/?_aff=JOINTARO) combines video explainers, live Zoom classes, and an automated System Design Judge.

DSA Crash Course [Part 17] - Intersection Walkthrough

In this lesson, Alvin walks through the python implementation for the *intersection* problem.

Code along and test your work in the following editor workspace: <https://structy.net/problems/intersection?language=py>

If you need additional support taking these DSA skills and actually applying them, take [**Alvin's**](https://www.linkedin.com/in/alvin-zablan-b73a92117/) *complete* data structures and algorithms course on [**Structy**](https://structy.net/?utm_source=taro). You can try out the concepts yourself in their interactive code editor and learn advanced DSA patterns like stack exhaustive recursion.

Use [**this link to get 20% off**](https://structy.net/purchase?promo_code=taro20) the entire Structy DSA learning experience.

Follow Alvin on LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/alvin-zablan-b73a92117/>

Signs Of A Healthy Manager 1 on 1 Meeting

- **Golden standard**: Weekly 30-45 minute meeting
  - Bi-weekly can be okay, but weekly is ideal. Anything less frequent than bi-weekly is a red flag.
  - This should be recurring and scheduled, not ad-hoc.
- The meeting should feel proactive instead of reactive.
  - Reactive 1 on 1s happen when the meeting has no agenda beforehand.
  - The discussion should be focused and talking about future themes for you and your career like growth and career goals.
- The meeting isn't purely tactical: This is a time for you and your manager to build trust and get to know one another.
- The time should feel "awkward". Some "awkward" areas include:
  - Honest feedback
  - Emotions 

Related resources:
- [1 on 1s Are The Time To Be Awkward](https://link.jointaro.com/kuS9keFuUwRJk9rSA)
- ["How do I help my manager (who is also my mentor) be a better manager and mentor?"](https://link.jointaro.com/72SzjBb9HW1S46Dx8)
- ["How do I create a growth plan with my manager/mentor and what should it include?"](https://link.jointaro.com/fude3eS1nJwcMSp9A)

Grow From Junior To Mid-Level Engineer [Part 3] - It's On You

For later promotions (i.e. senior and beyond) there are many other factors at play besides your personal skill and growth. This isn't the case for junior engineer -&gt; mid-level engineer. This lesson teaches you:

- The fundamental difference between the junior -&gt; mid-level promotion and others when it comes to landing impact
- How to choose teams and projects as a junior engineer aiming to grow fast
- What matters when it comes to the junior -&gt; mid-level promotion

Understand more about project credit for promotion here: <https://www.jointaro.com/course/nail-your-promotion-as-a-software-engineer/its-not-just-about-impact/>

20 Years Of Fighting Procrastination [Part 4] - The Most Important Productivity Tip Nobody Follows

Productivity isn't just about doing things faster - That’s only half the story. Here are the core points from the lesson:

- Productivity isn't just about efficiency, it's about working efficiently on *important* tasks that actually move the needle
- Prioritization requires painful trade-offs—you must let go of low-impact activities even if they're easy, fun, or popular
- Define your personal values and consciously deprioritize areas that don’t align with them, like staying updated on politics or reading a book a week
- A simple yet powerful framework for teams is evaluating tasks based on impact and time required, then prioritizing high-impact, low-time work first

Senior Staff Engineer (L7) Describes Most Important Skill - Rahul Malik

Rahul is a Senior Staff Engineer at Meta.

- **Most important skill**: dealing with ambiguity and working through others. Senior Staff Engineers operate in a broad space, so they have to be independent enough to make impact without a specific problem.
- **Advice**: figure out how decisions are made. Who makes the decisions, and what is the underlying value system?

Here's the full playlist asking engineers what the most important skill is for their level: [Asking 7 Levels Of Engineers The Most Important Skill](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/J9Io5lDGaYUpI8vGrUyI/)

Helpful links:
- [SWE2 --> Principal Eng in 4 years](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/Lvf1TDKt1R4ZJSCr9BVv/rockstar-software-engineer-story-sw2-greater-principal-in-just-4-years/)
- Taro's top 10 to get promoted from [senior to staff engineer](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/YD8LMCSlE71VUGUbNAWM/)
- [David Pan on what makes a great tech lead](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/uHqZZ15SK19MatEvLSO6/what-makes-a-truly-great-tech-lead-a-vp-of-engineerings-perspective/)
- [Rahul on LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/rahulbmalik/)

Top System Design Interview Mistakes [Part 16] - Outro

Congratulations on making it to the end of the course! If you have any thoughts, we would love to hear them over at [Formation.dev](https://formation.dev/partners/taro):

- Connect with me (Sophie) on LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/in/sophienovati/>
- Follow [Formation.dev](https://formation.dev/partners/taro) on LinkedIn: <https://www.linkedin.com/company/formation-dev/>

As a reminder, if you need extra help with your system design interview, Formation can provide you hands-on, personalized support. Join us here: <https://formation.dev/partners/taro>

Now that you've mastered the system design interview, check out our behavioral interview course next: [\[Course\] Master The Behavioral Interview As A Software Engineer](https://www.jointaro.com/course/master-the-behavioral-interview-as-a-software-engineer/)

Ace Your Tech Interview As A Software Engineer [Part 22] - Behavioral Interviews

Behavioral interviews are omnipresent across software engineer interviews. They are also excellent at filtering out problem candidates. This lesson teaches you:

- When you can see behavioral interviews
- What the purpose of behavioral interviews is
- Why software engineers often underappreciate and underrate behavioral interviews, leading to their failure
- Why behavioral interviews are the *most important interview round in any hiring loop*
- The 3 core principles you should always have in mind when answering a behavioral interview question

To master the behavioral interview, follow the resources here: [\[Taro Top 10\] Behavioral Interviews](https://www.jointaro.com/playlist/IPFmEPUhAmizNe9ZUWV5/)

Alex's blog post about behavioral interviews: [Software Engineer Interview Guide - Behavioral Questions](https://www.jointaro.com/blog/software-engineer-interview-guide-part-2-behavioral-questions/)

Maximize Your Productivity As A Software Engineer [Part 9] - Focus Blocks

Context switching is one of your biggest enemies as a software engineer. This lesson teaches you:

- What a focus block is
- Why getting back into coding is so difficult, especially at Big Tech
- The power of focus blocks with involved tasks, particularly with writing code

Maximizing a Severance Package 3/9 - Termination Circumstances

Let's talk about the different circumstances where you may need a package or to try and get a severance from a company.

- Connect with [**Ethan on LinkedIn**](https://www.linkedin.com/in/ethanevansvp/)
- Taro members get a discount to join [**Ethan's Level Up community**](https://levelupwithethanevans.substack.com/taro25)

Ace Your Tech Interview As A Software Engineer [Part 14] - Referrals

Having a current employee put you into their hiring pipeline via a referral is one of the most powerful ways to level up your job search. However, referrals are often misunderstood by software engineers. This lesson teaches you:

- The 2 different types of referrals and which one is better (spoiler: engineers usually struggle getting the better one)
- The massive difference between *weak referrals* and *strong referrals*
- Why you are more special than you realize and how you can leverage that to get more strong referrals
- How to approach professional networking properly to cultivate huge amounts of strong referrals over time

To help you get strong referrals, check out our networking course: [Networking Guide: Build Deep Relationships Quickly In Tech](https://www.jointaro.com/course/networking-guide-build-deep-relationships-quickly-in-tech/)

Ace Your Tech Interview As A Software Engineer [Part 28] - How Much LeetCode Should I Grind?

If you're this deep in the course, you now know that grinding 1,000 LeetCode problems doesn't lead to a Google hiring manager magically appearing on your doorstep with a fresh offer letter in hand. This lesson teaches you:

- Why data structures and algorithms are more damaging to the overall health of a job search than software engineers realize
- Exactly how over-indexing on data structures and algorithms and LeetCode completely destroys the job search of many software engineers
- The framework you should apply on whether you should be grinding LeetCode

Meta Case Study - Debugging A Massive Production Issue

Here we go through an example bug at Meta. Given the information, we need to figure out what kind of root cause is behind the issue. This case study shows:
- Why it's important to understand the blast radius of a bug
- How knowing the context behind a bug can help you locate the problem area
- The value of having robust analytics

This video is a clip from our debugging masterclass. You can watch it here: [[Masterclass] How To Become A Debugging Master And Fix Issues Faster](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/ioR6WzamAIUTpySLAr7o/masterclass-how-to-become-a-debugging-master-and-fix-issues-faster/)

Related resources:
- [[Case Study] Solving A Multi-Million $$ Instagram Bug](https://www.jointaro.com/lesson/WYk4J05iBqOuPtD0CYKX/case-study-solving-a-multi-million-dollardollar-instagram-bug/)
- ["How can I become more independent and better at unblocking myself with tricky technical issues?"](https://www.jointaro.com/question/QhqQQGrDgFjZbqohpKe0/how-can-i-become-more-independent-and-better-at-unblocking-myself-with-tricky-technical-issues/)
- ["What is the effective way to understand new repository in order to make the required changes in that repo?"](https://www.jointaro.com/question/KoxB3UU2zWC9pdYU6Rx0/what-is-the-effective-way-to-understand-new-repository-in-order-to-make-the-required-changes-in-that-repo/)

Top System Design Interview Mistakes [Part 12] - Don't Ignore New Information

In this segment, we discuss the issue of ignoring new information during system design interviews. This happens when candidates fail to adapt their designs based on additional requirements or edge cases presented by the interviewer. Here’s the core points from the video:

- If the interviewer introduces new requirements or issues, like handling scenarios with no available drivers, we must adapt our design accordingly. Ignoring these hints can lead to incomplete or impractical solutions

- Sometimes, a simpler solution might be more effective. For example, informing customers that no drivers are available and suggesting they try again later might be a better approach than complex tracking systems

- When given new information, reassess and incorporate it into the design. This flexibility is crucial for creating effective and practical solutions

If you need extra help with your system design interview, [Formation.dev](https://formation.dev/partners/taro) can provide you hands-on, personalized support. Join us here: <https://formation.dev/partners/taro>

Understanding Performance Review Ratings

- The end goal of a performance review is to assign every employee a rating, which is like a grade in school.
- Know what ratings are good
  - What's average?
  - What puts you in the "danger zone" or on a formal performance improvement plan (PIP)?
  - Which rating is great?
- Understand which rating is necessary for promotion

Maximize Your Productivity As A Software Engineer [Part 8] - Touch Grass

Let's be real: Most software engineers are out of shape. While this isn't too bad early on, things quickly get worse. This lesson teaches you:

- How to get into exercising as easily as possible
- The many benefits of regular exercise
- A way to hack your brain to make yourself more likely to exercise

Ace Your Tech Interview As A Software Engineer [Part 6] - Having The Right Mentality

A lot of software engineers actually have all the necessary skills to pass the interview - They just choke when the time finally comes. Why is that? Well, let's dive into why. This video teaches you:

- The terrible unhealthy mentality software engineers often have going into tough tech interviews, particularly with top companies like FAANG
- What mentality you should have instead to unlock your full potential and why it's hard to ascend to this level of mental clarity
- How having the right mentality greatly improves your interview performance, far more than any amount of preparation ever can

Tech Career Growth Videos

Our instructional videos provide software engineers with insights needed for career growth. Masterclasses go incredibly in-depth on a specific tech topic while case studies are real examples from established engineering leaders.